Debian13调教
1. 安装后开启root登录，开启远程root登录，修改密码
编辑本地配置文件
sudo nano /etc/ssh/ssh_config
将
# PasswordAuthentication yes
项改为（取消注释项目）：
PasswordAuthentication yes
编辑ssh服务器文件，注意和上面文件名不一样
sudo nano /etc/ssh/ssh_config
将
# PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
修改为
PermitRootLogin yes
然后重启ssh服务即可
systemctl restart ssh
修改root密码
sudo passwd root
然后收入两次密码即可
2. 修改安装包源
打开源配置文件
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
将里面所有内容替换为以下内容：
阿里云源：
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
网易163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
腾讯源
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
兰州大学源
deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
上海交大源
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware #deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
更新完后更新缓存
apt update
更新包（非必选）
apt upgrade
清理已下载包（非必选）
apt clean
3. 分区相关
查看分区、分区格式、分区UUID、分区mount
lsblk -f
查看分区uuid
blkid
临时挂接磁盘
先建立目录，然后
mount /dev/sdb1 /www #mount 磁盘分区 目标目录
永久挂接
nano /etc/fstab
内容格式如下
UUID=磁盘的UUID /目标目录 分区格式 defaults 0 0
4. 网络相关
查看IP
ip addr
临时修改IP，eth0为网卡接口，通过查看IP确认
ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev eth0
临时修改网关
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
临时修改DNS
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" | sudo tee /etc/resolv.conf
永久修改网络设置
打开配置文件
nano /etc/network/interfaces
将 iface eth0 inet dhcp 改为 static，添加 address、netmask、gateway 和 dns-nameservers
以下为示例
iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.20/24 gateway 192.168.1.1 dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
